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【Easy Japanese】What Is Setsubun? An Introduction to the Bean-Throwing Tradition of Japan + 3 Recommended Setsubun Festivals in Japan!(【やさしい日本語】節分とは?日本の豆をまく伝統の紹介と日本のおすすめ節分会3選!)
Setsubun, a Japanese Tradition: Video Introduction
日本の伝統である節分の動画紹介
This video, titled "Setsubun Trivia - Why Soybeans? What Are the Meanings of Mamemaki and Ehomaki?" (節分の豆知識 ~なぜ大豆?豆まき・恵方巻の意味とは?~), was uploaded by "Tokai Voices Channel" (東海ヴォイスちゃんねる).
今回は、『東海ヴォイスちゃんねる』さん制作の『節分の豆知識 ~なぜ大豆?豆まき・恵方巻の意味とは?~』という動画を紹介します。
What is Setsubun? The Meaning of the Japanese Tradition
節分って何?日本の伝統行事の意味
Setsubun is a Japanese tradition to celebrate the changing of the seasons.
節分とは、季節の移り変わりを祝う日本の伝統行事です。
The word Setsubun (節分) means "division of the seasons."
節分という言葉は、「季節の分かれ目」という意味があります。
In modern Japan, Setsubun is often held on February 3rd, the day before "Risshun" (立春), or the first day of spring.
現代の日本では、節分は「立春」の前日である2月3日に行われることが多いです。
The History of Setsubun
節分の歴史
The history of Setsubun goes back more than a thousand years.
節分の歴史は1000年以上前にさかのぼります。
As Setsubun means "division of the seasons," it wasn't always just once a year.
「季節の分かれ目」という意味の節分は、昔は年1回ではなく、
Setsubun used to take place between the changing of each of Japan's four seasons.
それぞれの季節の分かれ目に行われていました。
Furthermore, the western calendar only started being used relatively recently in Japan, and Setsubun was actually held on different days in the past.
さらに、日本で西暦が使われるようになったのは比較的最近のことなので、昔は節分が別の日に行われていました。
The day before the first day of spring is called Setsubun, and in the past, Setsubun had the same meaning as New Year's Eve today, as it marked the transition to a new year.
立春の前日を節分と言い、昔は新しい年に変わる境目としていたため、節分は現代の大晦日と同じ意味を持っていました。
Setsubun – Bean Throwing & Oni
節分の豆まき・鬼
In the past, people believed that illnesses and disasters at the change of seasons were brought in by demons (oni), so events began to be held to ward off evil spirits.
昔の人は、季節の変わり目の病気や災害は鬼が呼び込むと思っていたため、魔除けの行事が行われるようになりました。
Starting from the Muromachi Period, people began to perform "mamemaki," which involved throwing soybeans to banish demons.
大豆を投げて鬼を追い払う「豆まき」が行われるようになったのは室町時代からです。
The reason why beans were used is because the word bean (豆, mame) and "Extermination of evil" (魔滅, mame) are pronounced the same in Japanese, and soybeans were thought to have spiritual power.
豆を使うのは、「豆」と「魔滅」(魔を滅する)が同じ発音であることと、大豆には霊力があると考えられていたためです。
Mamemaki (bean-throwing) is held to drive away oni (demons/evil spirits) and to pray that the new year will be free from illness and disasters and bring good fortune.
鬼(邪気)を退治して、新しい年を病気や災害がなく福を呼び込むようにと願いを込めて、豆まきを行います。
Mamemaki is done with roasted beans, which are said to ward off evil spirits.
豆まきをするときは、邪気を払うといわれる炒った豆を使います。
[Video] 0:09 - Soybeans and Mamemaki
【動画】0:09~ 大豆・豆まき
Foods Eaten During Setsubun
節分に食べるもの
There are 2 common foods eaten during Setsubun that are said to bring good luck.
節分には、福を呼び込むと言われる食べ物が2つあります。
The first is the same soybeans used for mamemaki.
1つ目は豆まきに使われる大豆です。
It's said that if you eat your age + 1 in soybeans you will avoid sickness and stay in good health.
自分の数え年(実年齢+1個)と同じ数の大豆を食べると、病気にならず、健康に過ごせると言われています。
Be sure to use the leftover beans you didn't throw.
まかなかった豆を食べましょうね。
The second food is ehomaki.
2つ目の食べ物は恵方巻です。
Ehomaki is a thick sushi roll filled with a variety of tasty ingredients.
恵方巻とはさまざまなおいしい具が入った太い巻き寿司のこと。
When eating ehomaki, one is supposed to face in this year's lucky direction and sit quietly until they've finished eating.
恵方巻を食べるときは、その年の恵方を向いて、食べ終わるまでは話さず静かに食べます。
The "lucky direction" is said to be where the god of good luck resides, and this changes every year.
恵方というのは歳徳神がいる方向ですが、年によって方角は変わります。
Additionally, ehomaki is supposed to be eaten whole and not cut.
また、恵方巻は切らずに丸ごと食べるのが基本。
Not cutting the ehomaki symbolizes "not severing ties" and is said to bring good luck.
恵方巻を切らないことは「縁を切らない」という意味で、運を呼び込むと言われています。
When making ehomaki, it's common to use 7 ingredients to symbolize the "seven lucky gods" from Japanese mythology.
恵方巻を作るときには、日本神話に登場する「七福神」を表す7つの具材を使うのが一般的です。
The reason a sushi roll was chosen was to "wrap the good luck inside."
巻き寿司が選ばれたのは、「福を巻き込む」ためです。
[Video] 0:55 - Soybeans and Ehomaki on Setsubun
【動画】0:55~ 節分の大豆と恵方巻き
[Video] 1:12 - Lucky Directions and Ehomaki Ingredients
【動画】1:12~ 恵方と恵方巻きの具材
Setsubun 2024 – 3 Recommended Setsubun Festivals in Japan
2024年の節分 日本のおすすめ節分イベント3選
Sensoji Temple - Tokyo
浅草寺 東京都
Sensoji Temple was the first temple in Edo (Present-day Tokyo) to hold Setsubun celebrations on a large scale.
浅草寺は、江戸(現在の東京)で初めて大型な節分の行事を行ったお寺です。
Today, the main event consists of a mamemaki event where the chief priests scatter beans from atop a stage.
現在の主な行事は、住職が舞台の上からの豆まきです。
At Sensoji Temple, rather than "Oni wa Soto, Fuku wa Uchi" (鬼は外福は内, Demons out luck in), they chant "Senju Banzai Fuku wa Uchi" (千秋万歳福は内), which roughly means "Luck for forever and a thousand years!"
浅草寺では、「鬼は外、福は内」ではなく、「千秋万歳福は内」と言います。
In addition to the mamemaki event, there is also "Shichi Fukujin no Mai" (七福神の舞, Dance of the Seven Lucky Gods), and mamemaki performed by entertainers associated with Asakusa.
豆まきのほか、「七福神の舞」もあって、浅草に関係がある芸能人による豆まきも行われます。
【Event Period】Feb. 3
【開催時期】2月3日
Yasaka Shrine - Kyoto
八坂神社 京都府
The Setsubun event at Yasaka Shrine features dance performances and mamemaki by Maiko (apprenctice geisha) from the hanamachi districts of Kyoto.
八坂神社の節分会では、京都の花街の舞妓さんによる舞踊や豆まきが行われます。
Also, if you buy fukumame (lucky beans), a fukubiki (lottery ticket) with no empty lot is included, and you can participate in a drawing.
また、福豆を買うと、空くじなしの福引がついていて、抽選会に参加できます。
Prizes include TVs and other luxury prizes, as well as daily necessities.
景品は、テレビなどの豪華賞品や日用品など。
【Event Period】Feb. 2 - Feb. 3
【開催時期】2月2日〜2月3日
Sumiyoshi Taisha - Osaka
住吉大社 大阪府
At Sumiyoshi Taisha Shrine, a ceremony called Tsuina Hoshashiki is held by the members of Ogasawara-ryu, a school of archery and horseback archery.
住吉大社では、礼法・弓術・馬術の流派である「弓馬術礼法小笠原教場一門」の方々によって「追儺歩射式」が行われます。
Tsuina is a ceremony to drive away evil spirits.
追儺とは悪鬼を追い払う儀式。
"Houshashiki," in which the archer draws his bow on a large target made to look like an oni, is performed in front of a large audience.
鬼に見立てた大きい的に弓を打つ「歩射式」は多くの観客の前で行われます。
In addition, zenzai (oshiruko) will be served by staff of an unlucky year and other related people.
また、節分は悪鬼を追い払う日ということで、厄年のスタッフや関係者にぜんざい(おしるこ)が振る舞われます。
【Event Period】Feb. 3
【開催時期】2月3日
※Event dates and times current as of January 15, 2024.
※イベント開催日時は2024年1月15日時点のものです。
Please check the official websites for up-to-date information.
最新情報は各公式サイトにてご確認ください。
Summary of Setsubun, a Traditional Japanese Event
日本の伝統行事である「節分」のまとめ
That concludes our introduction to Setsubun, a traditional Japanese event.
以上、日本の伝統行事である「節分」についてご紹介しました。
If you're in Japan for Setsubun, we recommend visiting one of the exciting events that happen across the country.
節分に日本にいる人は、日本各地で開催される節分会に参加することをおすすめします。
For those not in Japan, you can still have fun with mamemaki and making and eating ehomaki!
日本にいない人は、豆まきしたり、恵方巻きを作って食べたりすることで楽しめます!
When eating the ehomaki, be sure to sit quietly and face the lucky direction for the year!
恵方巻を食べるときは、その年の恵方を向いて静かに食べましょう!
This year's lucky direction is slightly east of east-northeast!
今年の恵方は、東北東のやや東だそうです!
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